OTTAWA (MaceNews) – Bank of Canada Gov. Tiff Macklem Wednesday said the decision to hold the policy rate at the lower bound and maintain the pace of quantitative easing was based on the assessment that the current rebound of economy activity will give way to a “slower and bumpier recuperation phase.”
The following are excerpts from his opening statement of the post-decision press conference:
“The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented fall in economic activity in Canada, and the recovery will require considerable monetary policy support. Our overriding message to Canadians is that the Bank will be there to provide monetary stimulus for an extended period to support the recovery and return inflation to its 2 percent target.”
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“As measures to contain the virus are lifted in many places, economic activity is starting to pick up. However, as we are seeing in the United States, flare-ups of the virus can mean the reimposition of containment measures, impeding the recovery.
“We are facing many uncertainties, the biggest of which is the unknowable course of the virus itself. As a result, we cannot forecast with the usual degree of accuracy in our economic projections. Recognizing this, we decided to present a central economic scenario.”
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“We also assume that the pandemic will have largely run its course by the middle of 2022, because either a vaccine or an effective treatment is widely available by then. Our policy discussions were guided by this scenario, while recognizing the extreme uncertainty around these assumptions.
“In the central scenario, the Canadian economy shrinks by almost 8 percent this year, then grows by just over 5 percent in 2021 and almost 4 percent in 2022. Now, let me give you some context.”
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“We agreed that the exceptionally strong near-term growth of the reopening phase is likely to give way to a slower and bumpier recuperation phase. As a result, it will take a long time for economic activity to get back even to the level where it was at the end of 2019, before the pandemic struck.
“There are many reasons why the recuperation phase may be protracted. Some businesses will close, while others will be unable to return to pre-pandemic activities. Business and consumer confidence have been shaken, and consumers are likely to remain cautious with their spending. And many people may find it hard to return to work particularly if schools and child-care facilities cannot fully reopen. We recognize that the burden of this challenge falls disproportionately on women.”
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“Because spending patterns have changed, the consumer price index (CPI) doesn’t accurately represent the spending habits of Canadians right now. So, the Bank has been working with Statistics Canada to create an adjusted price index that better captures today’s consumption patterns. We talk about this work in Box 2 of the MPR. The adjusted price index shows that inflation is probably not as low as the official CPI suggests, although the difference is not large.
“In the past couple of months, inflation by either measure has been close to zero. We expect it to remain below target while low prices for gasoline, travel, clothing and other items are pulling it down, and while demand is weak. The pandemic has reduced both supply and demand in the economy, but we judge that the effects on demand are larger. As demand recovers and economic slack is absorbed, inflation will gradually move back up towards our 2 percent target.”
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“To sum up, the Canadian economy has been hit by a historic shock, which has demanded a historic policy response. The early signs from the reopening phase are positive, but we expect the recuperation phase to be bumpy and protracted.
“As the economy moves from reopening to recuperation, it will continue to require extraordinary monetary policy support. The Governing Council will hold the policy interest rate at the effective lower bound until economic slack is absorbed so that the 2 percent inflation target is sustainably achieved. In addition, to reinforce this commitment and keep interest rates low across the yield curve, the Bank is continuing its large-scale asset purchase program at a pace of at least $5 billion per week of Government of Canada bonds. This QE program is making borrowing more affordable for households and businesses and will continue until the recovery is well underway. To support the recovery and achieve the inflation objective, the Bank is prepared to provide further monetary stimulus as needed.”
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